Mu gihe ubucuruzi bw’umutungo wifashisha ikoranabuhanga nka Bitcoin bukomeje kwiyongera mu Rwanda no ku Isi, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko Umutwe w’Abadepite yemeje itegeko rishya rigamije kuwugenzura no kurengera abawukoramo.

Iri tegeko ryagaragajwe nk'irije gukemura ibibazo byari bimaze iminsi bigaragara, aho abantu benshi bashoraga imari muri ubu bucuruzi bizejwe inyungu z’umurengera, ariko bikarangira babuze amafaranga yabo. Raporo zigaragaza ko Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB) rwakiriye ibirego 35 bifitanye isano n’uburiganya muri uru rwego kandi byagize ingaruka ku bantu benshi.

Urugero rugaragaza ubukana bw’iki kibazo ni urubanza rwa Manzi Sezisoni Davis, wahamijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ibyaha birimo uburiganya n’iyezandonke, agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka irindwi n’ihazabu ya miliyari zirenga 11 Frw ( miliyoni zisaga ibihumbi 7 by'amadorali).

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda igaragaza ko iri tegeko rigamije mbere na mbere gukumira ibyaha by’iyezandonke no gutera inkunga iterabwoba bishobora kunyura muri ubu bucuruzi, ndetse no gushyiraho uburyo burengera abaguzi n’ababishoramo imari.

Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Ubucuruzi mu Nteko, Depite Munyangeyo Theogene, yavuze ko kutagenzura neza uru rwego bishobora guteza uburiganya bukomeye, cyane cyane hifashishijwe imbuga mpimbano zishuka abantu, cyane ko abakora ubu bucuruzi bakoresha amazina atazwi.

Yavuze ati:“Buramutse butagenzuwe ku buryo bukwiye, hashobora kubaho uburiganya n’ubwambuzi buturutse ku mbuga mpimbano bita ko ari ishoramari no kwibasira abashoramari binyuze mu kubahamagarira gushoramo imari mu buryo bw’uburiganya.”

Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, umutungo koranabuhanga umaze kugera ku gaciro karenga miliyari 2.350 z’amadolari, bugakorwa n'abarenga miliyoni 70 ku Isi. Ni mu gihe hari ubwoko bwawo burenga 9188 bw’umutungo koranabuhanga, bugacururizwa ku masoko arenga 920. Mu Rwanda habarurwa abarenga ibihumbi 350 gusa bakora ubu bucuruzi.

Ikinyamakuru IGIHE cyatangaje ko iri tegeko rishyiraho ko Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe kugenzura isoko ry’imari n’imigabane (CMA) ari rwo ruzajya rutanga impushya ku bantu cyangwa ibigo byifuza gukora ubu bucuruzi, baba abanyarwanda ndetse n'abanyamahanga.

CMA kandi ifite inshingano zo gufasha abatanga serivisi z’umutungo koranabuhanga gukorana n’urwego ngenzuramikorere rumwe no koroshya ibikorwa by’igenzuramikorere.

Riteganya kandi ko abinjira muri ubu bucuruzi bagomba kuba bafite imari shingiro izagenwa n’amabwiriza azashyirwaho, mu rwego rwo gukumira igihombo cy’abaturage bashora imari mu bucuruzi kuko mbere bapfaga gushora, umushoramari yahomba, umutungo w'abaturage ukahatikirira.

Umutungo-koranabuhanga urimo ibice bitatu by’ingenzi: harimo ifaranga koranabuhanga ridahindagurika; bivuga umutungo koranabuhanga ufite agaciro gashingiye ku mutungo wihariye uzigamwe cyangwa urusobe rw’imitungo izigamwe nk’ifaranga risanzwe rikoreshwa mu gihugu, ibicuruzwa cyangwa irindi faranga koranabuhanga rifite agaciro, hagamijwe ko rigumana agaciro kadahindagurika.

Hari kandi umutungo usimbuzwa “token”, uburyo bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya nk’ububiko koranabuhanga bw’uruhererekane rw’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi, butuma umutungo ufatika cyangwa umutungo w’imari uhagararirwa na ‘token’ y’ikoranabuhanga.

Iri tegeko rigaragaza ko umutungo usimbuzwa token ugomba kuba wishingiwe 100% kandi udashobora gutangirwaho inguzanyo ahubwo ugomba kubikwa neza no gutandukanywa n’indi mitungo ya nyir’ubwite.

Nubwo iri tegeko rije gukemura ibibazo byinshi, impungenge ziracyahari zirimo ikoreshwa ry’uru rwego mu bikorwa byambukiranya imipaka bitemewe, kwihisha kw’abakora ubucuruzi no kudahuza amategeko y’ibihugu bitandukanye.

Ku bijyanye n’ibihano, umuntu ku giti cye ukora ubu bucuruzi atabifitiye uruhushya azahanishwa ihazabu iri hagati ya miliyoni 30 na 50 Frw, ndetse ashobora no gufungwa hagati y’imyaka itatu n’itanu, cyangwa kimwe muri byo. 

Ku bigo, ihazabu iri hagati ya miliyoni 50 na 100 Frw, mu gihe n’abamamaza cyangwa bashishikariza ubu bucuruzi batabifitiye uburenganzira bashobora guhanishwa ihazabu iri hagati ya miliyoni 5 na 10 Frw n’igifungo kigera ku mwaka umwe cyangwa kimwe muri byo.

Iri tegeko ritezweho gushyiraho umucyo, kongera icyizere mu isoko ry’umutungo koranabuhanga no kurinda Abanyarwanda ibihombo byaterwaga n’uburiganya, mu gihe igihugu gikomeje kwerekeza ku bukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga, cyane ko Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda yatangije ifaranga-koranabuhanga ry'u Rwanda ariko ritaratangira gukoreshwa rusange. 

@Igihe